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PlumbingIntermediate DIY1–2 hours

Protecting Your Pipes During a Deep Freeze

When temperatures drop into the teens in New Jersey, your home’s plumbing system becomes especially vulnerable. Pipes located in exterior walls, unheated garages, crawl spaces, and basement rim joists are at the highest risk because they’re exposed to colder air with little insulation. Water inside these pipes can begin to freeze at around 20°F with sustained exposure, and when it does, it expands—creating pressure that can cause pipes to crack or burst.

The key to prevention is acting before and during a deep freeze, not after. Even a short cold snap can cause damage if pipes are unprotected. Many homeowners assume their plumbing is safe as long as the heat is on, but localized cold spots—especially near exterior walls—can still lead to freezing. Taking simple steps ahead of time can significantly reduce the risk.

If a pipe freezes and bursts, the damage can be severe. Water can flood walls, ceilings, and floors, leading to costly repairs, mold growth, and insurance claims. Knowing how to protect vulnerable pipes—and what to do if you suspect a freeze—can help you avoid a major home emergency during the coldest days of winter.

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Identify At-Risk Pipes

  • Check pipes along exterior walls, garages, basements, and crawl spaces

  • Pay special attention to areas with little insulation

  • Don’t forget outdoor hose bibs

2. Insulate Exposed Pipes

  • Use foam pipe insulation or heat tape

  • Focus on high-risk areas like rim joists and crawl spaces

  • Secure insulation tightly around the pipe

3. Let Faucets Drip

  • Allow a slow drip from faucets during extreme cold

  • Moving water is less likely to freeze

  • Focus on faucets connected to exterior wall plumbing

4. Open Cabinet Doors

  • Open cabinets under sinks on exterior walls

  • Allows warm air to circulate around pipes

  • Especially important overnight during deep freezes

5. Seal Drafts and Air Leaks

  • Close gaps near pipes where cold air enters

  • Use caulk or foam to seal openings

  • Reduces exposure to freezing air

6. Maintain Consistent Indoor Temperature

  • Keep your thermostat set consistently (even overnight)

  • Avoid turning heat too low when away from home

  • Aim to keep interior temps above 55°F

7. Disconnect Outdoor Hoses

  • Remove hoses and shut off exterior water supply

  • Drain remaining water from outdoor faucets

  • Prevents freezing at the connection point

8. What to Do If a Pipe Freezes

  • Turn on the faucet to relieve pressure

  • Apply gentle heat using a hair dryer or warm towels

  • Never use open flames

  • Thaw slowly, starting near the faucet and working back

 

Tools & Materials

Everything you'll need to complete this project.

Affiliate disclosure: Hello Home Reminders may earn a small commission from purchases made through these links at no extra cost to you. This helps us keep our guides free and up to date.

Pipe insulation foam

Buy foam tubes sized to your pipe diameter (½" and ¾" cover most residential supply lines). Self-sealing styles are faster to install in tight spaces.

AmazonLowe'sHome Depot

Heat tape / heat cable

Self-regulating heat cable is safer than constant-wattage tape—it increases heat output only when temperature drops. Essential for pipes in unheated spaces.

AmazonLowe'sHome Depot

Faucet cover (outdoor)

Foam faucet covers add insulation to exterior hose bibs. Use even on frost-free bibs as a backup layer in extreme cold.

AmazonLowe'sHome Depot

Pipe wrap tape

Self-fusing silicone tape creates a watertight, insulating wrap for odd-shaped fittings and elbows where foam tubes don't fit cleanly.

AmazonLowe'sHome Depot

When to Call a Pro

If you suspect a pipe has burst, you see water damage, or you’re unable to safely thaw a frozen pipe, call a professional immediately. You should also bring in a plumber if freezing happens repeatedly, as this may indicate poor insulation or deeper system issues. A professional can identify vulnerable areas, install permanent solutions like pipe insulation or rerouting, and help prevent future emergencies.

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Frequently Asked Questions

At what temperature do pipes freeze?

Pipes can begin to freeze at around 20°F, especially with prolonged exposure and poor insulation.

How do I know if a pipe is frozen?

Signs include little or no water flow, frost on pipes, or unusual odors from drains caused by blockages.

Should I turn off my water if pipes freeze?

Yes. If you suspect a frozen pipe, shutting off the main water supply can prevent major flooding if the pipe bursts.

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